TY  - GEN
AU  - Sharma, Parasnath.
TI  - Acute diarrhoea: Hydration status and biochemical parameters
PY  - 2000///
KW  - Acute diarrhoea
KW  - Dehydration
KW  - Serum glucose
KW  - Serum sodium
KW  - Serum potassium
N1  - Thesis Report
N2  - ABSTRACT:  100 children of age group from 2 months to 5 years with acute diarrhoea admitted at Oral Rehydration Threapy Center in Kanti Children Hospital were taken into study. The socioeconomic background of the children was studied. The grades of dehydration in the children were assessed and serum glucose and serum electrolytes were measured. The children were treated with ORS for 24 hours. After 24 hours the grades of dehydration were reassessed and serum glucose and serum electrolytes measured again. Routine and microscopic examination of stool was done in all cases. 73% of the children had family income less than Rs. 5,000. 78% of the children had father's education below intermediate and 88% had mother's education below intermediate. 43% of the children's family lived in a single room, 80% of the children were given ORS at home. Out of them 75% used prepacked ORS sachets and other 5% made ORS at home, 80% of the mothers prepared ORS correctly. Out of 100 children, 46 presented with no signs of dehydration, 48 with some dehydration and 6 with severe dehydration at the time of admission. 21% of the children had hyponatraemia, 6% hypernatraemia, 45% hypokalaemia and 2% hyperkalaemia. 14% of them children  had hypoglycaemia and other 14% hyperglycaemia. 88% of the children were managed with ORS, while 12% were given intravenous fluid in addition to ORS. After giving ORS for 24 hours, 95% of the children had no sings of dehydration and 5% had some dehydration, there was no case of serve dehydration; 2% of the children remained hyponatraemic and none hypernatiraemic. 10% of the children remained hypokalaemic and 1% hyperkalaemic. Similarly, 12% of the children were hypoglycaemic and 7% hyperglycaemic. Increase in mean serum sodium level in hyponatraemic children and decrease in mean serum level in hypernatraemic children was statistically significant. Increase in serum glucose level in hypoglycaemic children was also significant but change in serum glucose level in the children with normal serum glucose les and hyperglycaemia was not statistically significant. On stool examination, 15% had RBC in stool, 8% had cyst of E. histolytica, 4% ova of Ascaris, 3% cyst of Giardia lambia and 1% trophozoites of E. histolytica. It may therefore be concluded that ORS was effective to treat dehydration as well as electrolyte abnormalitie. ORS corrected hypertraemia, hyponatraemia as well as hypokalaemia. In hypoglycaemic children, it also corrected hypoglycaemia.   Keywords: Acute diarrhoea, dehydration, serum glucose, serum sodium, and serum potassium,
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