000			03413nam a22002417a 4500
005			20251007130654.0
008			251007b |||||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
040			_eNLM
060			_aWU 170 _b00765
100			_aAdhikari, Sagar Dr.
245			_aSexual dimorphism of maxillary sinus using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT): a morphometric analysis
260			_aKathmandu, Nepal ; _bKathmandu University & Nepal Health Research Council (NHRC) ; _c2025.
300			_a48p.
500			_aIn partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Medical Research.
520			_aBackground: Sex estimation is a critical component of forensic identification. Traditional reliance on the pelvis and skull for this purpose is often limited by preservation challenges. The maxillary sinus, owing to its protected anatomical location and notable sexual dimorphism, offers a viable alternative. This study aimed to assess morphological variations of the maxillary sinus using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) among male and female patients in a Nepalese population and to evaluate its potential for sex determination. Materials and Methods: A prospective analytical CBCT-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, KUSMS. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of KUSMS. The study included CBCT images of 110 adult patients (57 males, 53 females). CBCT scans of subjects aged 20- 60 years with full permanent dentition and interpretable, high-quality images showing all walls of the maxilla were included. Cases with motion artifacts, maxillary sinus pathology, prior surgery involving the maxilla, or craniofacial abnormalities were excluded. Sinus dimensions, height, width, length, and volume were measured bilaterally using standardized protocols. Data were analyzed using unpaired t-tests to compare height, width and length, Mann-Whitney U test to compare volume between genders and discriminant function analysis was used to develop predictive equations for gender determination. Results: Males exhibited significantly greater sinus height, width, and volume on both sides (p < 0.05), confirming sexual dimorphism. However, sinus length did not show statistically significant differences. The discriminant function analysis produced gender prediction accuracies of 65.1% (right), 61.3% (left), and 64.2% (combined). Volume and height were the most reliable predictors, while length contributed minimally to sex differentiation. Conclusion: The study confirms significant sexual dimorphism in maxillary sinus morphology in the Nepalese population, particularly in height, width, and volume. CBCT-based assessment offers moderate accuracy in sex determination and serves as a valuable adjunct in forensic scenarios where conventional skeletal markers are compromised. Though not definitive alone, maxillary sinus morphometry can contribute meaningfully to a multimodal forensic identification framework. Key words: Maxillary sinus, cone beam computed tomography, gender determination, forensic odontology, anthropometry
650			_aMaxillary sinus.
650			_aCone beam computed tomography.
650			_aGender determination.
650			_aForensic odontology.
650			_aAnthropometry.
856			_yhttps://nhrc.gov.np/contact _zVisit NHRC Library
942			_2NLM _cTR _kTHS00765-ADH-2025. _n1
999			_c3477 _d3477