Infection of kala-azar and use of rapid diagnostic method in Nepal.

Thesis Report.

ABSTRACT: A study of risk factors of Kala-azar is based on random survey was done in Mahottari and Dhanusa districts. A total sample of 500people population from Mahottari and Dhanusha district. In Mahottari districts 250 samples from different VDCs. Such as (Samshi, Khairbani laxminia, Sonma and Halkhori). In Dhanusha district from (Sakhuwa-mahendranagar) village development committee. The samples were collected from mahottari and Dhanusha districts. A survey questionnaire was administered to obtain baseline information regarding socio-economic status, knowledge and attitude about disease of the population, a occupation and past information and treatment of the disease. For this Samsi, Khairbanne,Laxminia, Sonma,Halkhori in mahottari district and Sakhuwa mahendranagar in a Dhanusha district. Village development committee was selected. The sample was collected from randomly in two districts. In Mahottari 250 examined population 14(5.6%) were positives cases and in Dhanusha a 19 (7.6%) were positive case by laboratory examination cases included both males and females. The results showed that in this susceptible population, there were high number of cases and high Kala-azar positive rate. The infected individuals were mostly from village. When the cases were grouped together on the basis of age and sex, there was no significant difference in rates among age groups or sexes. The most important community factors effecting prevalence of the Leishmaniasis infections were socio-economic status, environmental sanitation and occupational practices of the population. In Mahottari and Dhanusha districts male were greater infected than females. Total positive cases were 14(5.6%) in Mahottari districts. Males were positive cases 8( 6.6%) and females were positive cases 6(4.6%). In Dhanusha district total positive case were 19(7.6%). Males positive cases were 11(9.0%) and females were 8(6.2).

Eng.